Analysis of fragrance composition in three cultivars of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Osmanthus fragrans</Emphasis> Albus group flower by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry

With supercritical CO2 fluid extraction(SCFE), essential oil was extracted from three cultivars of Xianning osmanthus. The fresh osmanthus flower was processed with a petroleum ether digestion method to produce the extractum. The yields of essential oil and extractum were 0.19 % and 0.13 % (m/m) respectively. The essential oil and fragrance composition and content extracted were analyzed with gas chromatography-mass spectrometer (GC-MS). The result showed that essential oil contained 36.99%(area/total area) of ionone, ionol and 13.11% of linalool; ionone and ionol contained in extractum were as high as up to 33.33%, while linalool up to 21.92%. Whether essential oil or extractum contains only about 40% fat acid and other ester matters. None of environmental estrogen (phthalic ester) was found in fragrance ingredients. The result also showed that the quality of O. fragrans Albus group fragrance in Xianning is better than that produced in Hangzhou and Anhui districts.     

分子筛吸附净化天然气实验研究

为了减少天然气温室气体排放,保护大气环境,对于小型LNG装置,建议采用分子筛吸附法脱水脱硫,提出了预处理模块化的概念.实验测定了天然气在复合吸附床（3A＋13X分子筛）上的动态透出曲线和分子筛脱硫的透出曲线,采用竞争吸附理论对各吸附模块进行了优化组合与配置.预处理模块的吸附顺序一般为＂先脱水再脱硫最后脱碳＂,而脱附顺序...     

动态液相微萃取-气相色谱法测自来水中挥发性卤代烃

应用动态液相微萃取-气相色谱联用技术建立了自来水中挥发性卤代烃(四氯化碳、三氯乙烯、四氯乙烯)的快速分析方法.考察了萃取溶剂、溶剂体积、萃取次数、水样pH值和离子强度对液相微萃取的影响.该方法三氯乙烯、四氯乙烯的线性范围为10～50μg·L-1,四氯化碳的线性范围5.0～60μg·L-1,回收率80.2%～104.0%,相对标准偏差为2.6%～7.2%,检出限0.5～4.7μg·L-2.     

气相色谱-质谱法测定水中三氯乙醛

建立吹扫捕集/气相色谱/质谱法测定饮用水源地水中三氯乙醛的方法.通过测定不加碱反应水中原有的三氯甲烷以及加碱以后水中的三氯甲烷含量,间接计算出水中三氯乙醛的含量.该方法检出限为0.1μg/L,回收率介于84％～110％之间,相对标准偏差为2.2％～4.8％,能够满足饮用水源地水中三氯乙醛的分析需要.     

基于灰色理论的含腐蚀缺陷油气管道剩余寿命预测分析

含腐蚀缺陷油气管道剩余寿命预测是管道完整性及安全性评价的重要组成部分.以灰色理论的基本模型为基础,提出了管道剩余寿命预测的一种方法,包括预测腐蚀速率的基本步骤以及根据腐蚀速率预测剩余寿命的基本方法,为油气管道腐蚀检测周期的确定提供了一种依据.     

塔山煤矿地质瓦斯规律研究及预测

以瓦斯地质理论为基础,根据矿井建设和生产过程中积累的瓦斯地质资料,分析了地质构造、岩浆岩分布、煤层埋藏深度、基岩特性等主要因素对塔山井田瓦斯涌出的影响。通过研究矿井构造分布与演化特征,得出煤层瓦斯和构造煤的分布规律,对煤层瓦斯进行预测,为矿井瓦斯灾害治理提供了参考。     

巷道掘进中通风—瓦斯—供电联控技术研究

针对霍州煤电有限责任公司店坪煤矿掘进巷道过程中瓦斯涌出的不均衡性,提出了通风—瓦斯—供电联控技术,即掘进工作面通风量根据瓦斯浓度的变化而变化,实现对掘进工作面瓦斯涌出的不间断控制,最终保证掘进工作面的安全生产。     

基于缓冲算子的灰色瓦斯涌出量预测研究

基于灰色GM（1,1）预测模型的构建理论,尝试引入缓冲算子来消除瓦斯涌出量原始数据序列所受到的冲击扰动,并利用MATLAB语言编程实现瓦斯涌出量灰色GM（1,1）预测模型程序化运算,选择合理的精度检验方法对预测模型和结果进行检验判断。通过工程实例,证明了引入缓冲算子改进的GM（1,1）模型预测精度和拟合优度更高,可为煤矿企业正确决策提供一定的理论依据。     

生活垃圾卫生填埋场填埋气体产气量的计算——以临猗县城市生活垃圾处理工程为例

根据我国目前的经济和社会发展水平,在当前和今后相当长的时期内,城市生活垃圾的处置仍将以填埋为主,而填埋气体的产气量对选址及其利用途径的可能性起着重要作用。以临猗县城市生活垃圾处理工程为例,应用预测模型对临猗县城市生活垃圾填埋场产气量进行了计算,以期为下一步填埋气体回收与利用的设计提供理论依据。     

Emission inventories of primary particles and pollutant gases for China

Detailed high-resolution emission inventories of primary particles(PM2.5,BC and OC) and pollutant gases(SO2,NOx,NH3,CO and VOCs) for China in 2007 were constructed on the basis of the latest fuel consumption data,mostly at the county level,and from socio-economic statistics and data on fossil and biomass fuels obtained from government agencies.New emission factors reflecting local features were also used.The calculated emissions were 13.212 Mt PM2.5,1.4 Mt BC,2.946 Mt OC,31.584 Mt SO2,23.248 Mt NOx,16.017 Mt NH3,164.856 Mt CO and 35.464 Mt VOCs.The national and regional emissions were gridded with 0.5°× 0.5° resolution for use in air quality models.Larger emissions were found in eastern and central China than in western China.The emissions estimated here are roughly equal to those obtained in previous studies,but with different contributions from because of seasonal changes in residential heating and biomass combustion.Finally,uncertainties in inventories were analyzed.